Study was made of tungsten extraction from alkaline sodium tungstate solution with the quaternary ammonium salt of tri-n-octylmethyl ammonium chloride （TOMAC） as the extractant. The effects of various conditions on tungsten extraction were investigated such as extractant concentration,DL-2-octanol concentration,phase ratio, extraction time and NaOH concentration of feed solution. And the extraction isotherms were plotted. The results show that the organic phase comprising 50% TOMAC＋20% DL-2-oetanol＋30% sulfonated kerosene has excellent performance of tungsten extraction and phase separation, and extraction equilibrium can be reached within 1 min. Both tungsten extraction rate and WO3-loading saturation capacity of the organic phase slightly decrease with the increase of NaOH concentration of feed solution. The extraction system can meet the requirement for deeply extracting tungsten from alkali soda leaching liquor of tungsten ores.

Vanadium was recovered by two-stage hydrochloric acid leaching of alumina red mud, with vanadium leaching rate up to 97.96%. The resultant leached solution was evaporated,thickened and purified before 3-stage extraction with 100% amyl acetate,with V extraction rate up to 95.67%. 3-stage countercurrent stripping of the loaded organic phase was carried out with 10% NH4OH solution, with vanadium stripping rate up to 97.23%. The product containing 98.50% V2 O5 can be obtained by ammonium salt precipitation and thermal decomposition of stripping aqueous phase, and the overall vanadium recovery is up to 82.69%.

Review is made of technical processes of V2O5 extraction from vanadium-containing carbonaceous shale and their characteristics. It is pointed out that a feasible vanadium extraction process should be ed based on the nature of vanadium-containing carbonaceous shale to obtain more economic and social benefits.

Advantages and disadvantages are summarized of the conventional treatment methods for complicated materials containing selenium,tellurium and precious metals. The improved process in a Russian precious metal refinery and its efficiency is emphatically introduced, including leaching of initial materials in NaOH solution to enrich precious metal in alkali leaching residue, step-by-step adjustment of alkali leaching solution pH to precipitate and separate base metals such as selenium and tellurium,precious metal replacement and removal from mother liquor, and mixing smelting of alkali leaching residue and replacement product. Using the improved process, both precious and base metals are effectively recovered, and displacer consumption is also reduced during subsequent mother liquor replacement.

Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal hydrolysis with Ti（SO4）2 as the titanium source and strong ammonia as the precipitant. The samples were analyzed through XRD, SEM, TEM and spectrophotometer. The results show that without strong ammonia, the increase of the reaction time results in little change of TiO2 particle size. By adding strong ammonia,with the increase of pH Value the particle size of TiO2 significantly decreases,but it doesn＇t change when pH value is more than 7. UVVIS analysis shows that the decrease of TiO2 particle size is beneficial to the blue shift of TiO2 absorption peak. Under the conditions of 240 ℃ ,48 h and pH9, square or elliptical TiO2 nanoparticles,with better dispersity and diameter of 20 nm,are synthesized.

Hydrogen element was implanted into TB8 titanium alloy by thermal hydrogenation. Microstructure and phase composition of hydrogenation TB8 titanium alloy were studied by OM, SEM and XRD. Effects of hydrogen on the phase transition point and elemental distribution of TB8 titanium alloy were analyzed by DTA and EDS. The results show that with hydrogen content increasing,β phase in the alloy decreases at first and then increases. Hydrogenation on the one hand reduces the critical cooling rate of co phase generation in the alloy,on the other hand reduces （α＋β）/β phase transition temperature of TB8 titanium alloy. In addition, Hydrogenation promotes alloy element redistribution and phase transition from a

TZM alloys doped with different amount of Ti were prepared by powder metallurgy,their micro- structure is observed by SEM, and their microhardness was also measured. Gleeble 1500 thermal/mechanical testing machine was employed to simulate the heating and deformation process of the alloys at high temperature,and then stress-strain curves were drawn. The results show that higher Ti doping amount results in more and more obvious enrichment of Ti and Zr oxide or simple substance at the alloy grain boundaries to strengthen the alloy. The alloy microhardness increases first and then decreases with Ti doping amount increasing,and reaches a maximum with 0.6% TiH2 content. High temperature deformation resistance of the alloys is improved with higher Ti doping amount.

In view of poor cutting performance of titanium alloy materials, simulation and experimental study on cutting deformation of the common titanium alloy TC4 were carried out. Cutting deformation process of the titanium alloy and its chip formation mechanism were reproduced by finite element analysis. The simulation results indicate that the material nearby the knifepoint softens because of high temperature and high stress,and thermoplastic instability happens at chip root resulting in the upper part of the chip squeezed to form cracks but the lower part still joined. Therefore, the chip appears serrated. The results from fast cutting tests show that with high distortion degree and temperature of the material nearby the knifepoint, centralized shear slip of the chip occurs resulting in obvious indentation of the chip. Meanwhile, original crisscross and basket-like microstructure changes into the stripe-like along the cutting direction. Tiny microcracks are also observed at chip root by SEM, and chip morphology and simulation results are almost uniform.

Charge/discharge performance of La0.75 Mg0. 25 Ni3.44 Co0. 2 Al0.03 Ti0.03 cast alloy or annealed alloys was investigated. The results show that with annealing temperature rising, the alloy charge/discharge potential difference decreases at first and then increases during electrode activation,contrary to the discharge efficiency. All the annealed alloys have higher specific discharge capacity than the cast alloy, and the alloy annealed at 1 223 K has obvious advantage. The maximum specific discharge capacity of the cast alloy or annealed alloys decreases with charge/discharge current density increasing. The cycling performance of annealed alloys is improved,attributed to phase composition change of the alloy,microstructure homogeneity improvement and content increase of hydrogen-absorbing element on particle surface.

The Zr-Nb-N diffusion barrier films were deposited at different bias by radio-frequency reaction magnetron sputtering. The effect of bais on the microstructure and electric properties of Zr-Nb-N thin films is analyzed by EDS, XRD, TEM and resistance tester, etc. The results show that the bias has an obvious effect on the composition,resistivity and microstructure of Zr-Nb-N thin films. With the increase of bias, Nb/Zr mole ratio increases and resistivity rises in advance then falls. The Zr-Nb-N thin films of singlephase nanocrystalline, with the microstructure of substitutional solid solution, can be obtained at the bias of- 150 V.