Moss-like Growth of Metal Electrodes: On the Role of Competing Faradaic Reactions and Fast Charging AITranslate

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DOI：https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00120

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Uncontrolled crystal growth during electroreduction of reactive metals in liquid electrolytes produces mossy metal deposits. Here, we use electroanalytical rotating disk electrode (RDE) studies to elucidate the origin of moss-like electrodeposition of metals. Competing Faradaic reactions on the electrode surface are shown to be the source of the phenomenon. A moss-like growth regime can be accessed by subtle shifts in electrolyte chemistry and deposition rate. For Zn─a metal that conventionally is not known to form moss-like electrodeposits─obvious moss-like patterns emerge at low-current densities in strongly alkaline electrolytes. Conversely, under conditions where the electroreduction rate is large relative to competing Faradaic reactions, moss-like Zn growth is eliminated. The same principle holds for Li metal deposition. On that basis, an empirical rule is proposed─an applied current density i that satisfies the relation 10 is < i < 0.8 ilim is required for achieving favorable metal electrodeposit morphology and fast charging in batteries.