《稀有金属与硬质合金》投稿与出版须知
《稀有金属与硬质合金》创刊于1973年,是中文核心期刊,致力于稀有金属冶金与材料领域的科研创新与产业应用。本刊坚持“传播先进科技成果,引领创新,贴近科研与生产”的办刊宗旨,为科研人员及工程技术人员提供高水平的学术交流平台。为提升学术成果传播效率,缩短出版周期,本刊已于2025年7月1日起正式开通中国知网(CNKI)网络首发服务,录用定稿将优先在线发布,与印刷版具有同等学术效力。
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Effect of Cu and Fe Loading on the NH3-SCR Denitration Performance of Acid-Modified Rare Earth Concentrate Catalysts Effect of Cu and Fe Loading on the NH3-SCR Denitration Performance of Acid-Modified Rare Earth Concentrate Catalysts
The rare earth concentrate was treated by ball milling and sulfuric acid leaching,and then Cu and Fe were loaded on the mineral surface by hydrothermal method to prepare modified rare earth concentrate catalysts.The effects of Cu and Fe mass ratio,roasting temperature and other factors on the performance of the catalyst were studied.By XRD,SEM,EDS,BET,H2-TPR and XPS,the surface morphology,micro-structure,redox ability and element valence distribution of the catalyst were analyzed,and the mechanism of denitration performance improvement was clarified.The results show that the loading of Cu and Fe on the rare earth concentrate catalyst treated by ball milling and acidification modification can effectively im-prove the denitration performance of the catalyst.When the mass ratio of Cu to Fe is 0.75∶1,the NOx conversion rate of the catalyst is the highest,reaching 96%at the flue gas temperature of 350°C,which is 77 percentage points higher than that of the raw ore.The introduction of Cu species helps to improve the denitration activity of the catalyst in the low temperature stage.After loading Cu and Fe,the relative con-tent of Fe3+ on the surface of the catalyst increases,and Fe2O3 can act as active sites to improve the deni-tration performance of the catalyst.The relative content of lattice oxygen increases,and the valence change of Ce on the mineral surface is not inhibited,ensuring the conversion of oxygen species.
13Effect of Mg Doping on the Electrochemical Performance of CaHfO3 Solid Electrolyte 13Effect of Mg Doping on the Electrochemical Performance of CaHfO3 Solid Electrolyte
Using CaCO3,HfO2 and MgO as raw materials,a series of CaHf1-xMgxO3-δ(x=0.06,0.12,0.18,0.24,δis oxygen vacancy concentration,hereafter referred to as CHM)solid electrolytes were pre-pared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction method.The structure was characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS,the electrochemical performance under various conditions was systematically evaluated by elec-trochemical impedance spectroscopy,and the dominant temperature range of proton conduction was determined via the H/D isotope effect.The results show that all prepared CHM solid electrolyte samples exhibit a single perovskite phase with uniform and dense microstructure,and their relative densities exceed 98%,which is higher than that of the undoped sample.The conductivity of the CHM solid electrolytes first in-creases and then decreases with increasing Mg doping content,reaching an optimum at x=0.12,and in-creases significantly with increasing temperature.In the temperature range of 973~1373 K,the conductivi-ty of CHM solid electrolytes in H2-rich atmospheres(dry H2+wet H2)ranges from 6.94×10-6S/cm to 2.83×10-4 S/cm,with activation energies of 0.770.96 eV.In O2-rich atmospheres(dry O2+wet O2),the conductivity ranges from 5.87×10-6S/cm to 1.65×10-3 S/cm,with activation energies of 1.341.49 eV.Meanwhile,a pronounced H/D isotope effect of CHM solid electrolytes is observed in the temper-ature range of 973~1173 K,indicating that proton conduction dominates.Above 1173 K,oxygen-vacancy and electronic conduction become predominant.The chemical diffusion coefficient of H+in the CHM(x=0.12)solid electrolyte ranges from 1.04×10-6cm2/s to 7.95×10-6cm2/s within 973~1273 K,with a diffusion activation energy of 70.822 kJ/mol.The above results indicate that Mg-doped CaHfO3-based so-lid electrolytes exhibit good electrochemical performance and represent promising candidates for application in high-temperature molten metal hydrogen sensors.
Effect of Free Impurities on the Surface Properties of Deformed Beryllium and Their Control Effect of Free Impurities on the Surface Properties of Deformed Beryllium and Their Control
During high-temperature,high-reduction deformation,beryllium is susceptible to contamination by free impurity elements originating from the A3 and S45 steels used for pack rolling and superimposed rolling.Specifically,Fe and Si primarily reside on the surface layer of the deformed beryllium through ad-sorption,while Mn and C accumulate via diffusion.This study investigated the influence law of free impuri-ty content on the surface strength,hardness,and plasticity of deformed beryllium.Effective control of Fe/Si and Mn/C impurities was achieved through weak acid cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning,respectively.The results indicate that an increase in free impurity content significantly enhances surface strength and hard-ness but reduces elongation after fracture.As point defects,free impurities hinder dislocation movement and promote excessive grain refinement,which strengthens the material while simultaneously impairing its plasticity.Weak acid cleaning effectively reduces Fe and Si impurities,whereas ultrasonic cleaning signifi-cantly decreases Mn and C impurities.This research confirms that rational control of the free impurity con-tent in deformed bery-llium surface can achieve a balance between strength,hardness,and plasticity,provi-ding a theoretical and technical foundation for the preparation of high-performance beryllium materials.
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Experimental Study on Iron Removal by Precipitation and Vanadium Extraction by Aqueous Two-Phase System from Red Mud Acid Leachate Experimental Study on Iron Removal by Precipitation and Vanadium Extraction by Aqueous Two-Phase System from Red Mud Acid Leachate
To address the emulsification risk during aqueous two-phase extraction caused by high iron con-centration(Fe3+>5 g/L)in the acidic leachate of red mud,the jarosite method was employed for selective iron removal.Pretreatment of 100 mL acidic leachate via potassium sulfate precipitation was conducted.Under the optimized conditions(precipitation time of 60 min,precipitation temperature of 100℃,leachate pH of 2,and K2SO4 seed crystal addition of 3.5 g),an iron precipitation rate of 53.19%is achieved.The Fe3+concentration in the filtrate is effectively reduced to below 5 g/L,eliminating the emulsification risk.Subsequently,an aqueous two-phase system(ATPS)composed of polyethylene glycol 2000(PEG2000)and sodium sulfate was constructed to extract vanadium from the iron-removed solution.The effects of ex-traction time,iron-removed solution pH,charge regulator AC1815,and extraction temperature on vanadium extraction rate were systematically investigated.The extraction mechanism was explored through FTIR spectroscopy and Zeta potential.The results indicate that apart from Fe3+,coexisting ions exhibit negligible interference with vanadium extraction.Under the optimal conditions of an extraction time of 20 min,an iron-removed solution pH of 2,an extraction temperature of 20℃,and the addition of one drop of AC1815,the vanadium extraction rate reaches 85.24%.The protonated charge regulator combines with polyvanada-te anions through electrostatic attraction,thereby driving their transfer into the PEG2000 phase.This process successfully achieves vanadium-iron separation in the acidic leachate of red mud and efficient vana-dium extraction in the ATPS,providing theoretical support and a technical pathway for the industrial re-source utilization of red mud.
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Effects of Laser Surface Remelting on Microstructure and Friction and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 High-Entropy Alloy Effects of Laser Surface Remelting on Microstructure and Friction and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 High-Entropy Alloy
FeCoCrNiMo0.75 high-entropy alloys prepared by vacuum arc melting were subjected to laser sur-face remelting modification treatment.The effects of different laser powers(300~1500 W)on the remel-ted microstructure,hardness,and friction and wear properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 alloy were investigated using XRD,SEM-EDS,a microhardness tester,and a reciprocating friction and wear tester.The results show that the thickness of the remelted layer increases with increasing laser power.The microstructure of the alloy without remelting treatment is mainly composed of FCC,σphase andμphase.After remelting at low power(300~600 W),the phase composition does not change significantly.When the laser power is in-creased to 900~1500 W,theμphase in the remelted microstructure disappears.Laser remelting can signi-ficantly refine the eutectic microstructure of the alloy and improve its surface hardness and friction and wear properties.Among them,FeCoCrNiMo0.75 high-entropy alloy remelted at 600 W laser power has the optimal comprehensive performance,with the highest average hardness of the remelted layer(573 HV0.2).In addition,its friction coefficient,surface roughness,and volumetric wear rate are all the lowest,and the volumetric wear rate is reduced by 85.5%compared with the alloy without remelting.In terms of wear mechanisms,the room-temperature wear mechanism of the alloy without remelting is mainly abrasive wear and fatigue wear.However,after the alloy is subjected to laser surface remelting treatment,its wear mecha-nism is mainly abrasive wear.
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Effect of Free Impurities on the Surface Properties of Deformed Beryllium and Their Control Effect of Free Impurities on the Surface Properties of Deformed Beryllium and Their Control
During high-temperature,high-reduction deformation,beryllium is susceptible to contamination by free impurity elements originating from the A3 and S45 steels used for pack rolling and superimposed rolling.Specifically,Fe and Si primarily reside on the surface layer of the deformed beryllium through ad-sorption,while Mn and C accumulate via diffusion.This study investigated the influence law of free impuri-ty content on the surface strength,hardness,and plasticity of deformed beryllium.Effective control of Fe/Si and Mn/C impurities was achieved through weak acid cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning,respectively.The results indicate that an increase in free impurity content significantly enhances surface strength and hard-ness but reduces elongation after fracture.As point defects,free impurities hinder dislocation movement and promote excessive grain refinement,which strengthens the material while simultaneously impairing its plasticity.Weak acid cleaning effectively reduces Fe and Si impurities,whereas ultrasonic cleaning signifi-cantly decreases Mn and C impurities.This research confirms that rational control of the free impurity con-tent in deformed bery-llium surface can achieve a balance between strength,hardness,and plasticity,provi-ding a theoretical and technical foundation for the preparation of high-performance beryllium materials.
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Experimental Study on Iron Removal by Precipitation and Vanadium Extraction by Aqueous Two-Phase System from Red Mud Acid Leachate Experimental Study on Iron Removal by Precipitation and Vanadium Extraction by Aqueous Two-Phase System from Red Mud Acid Leachate
To address the emulsification risk during aqueous two-phase extraction caused by high iron con-centration(Fe3+>5 g/L)in the acidic leachate of red mud,the jarosite method was employed for selective iron removal.Pretreatment of 100 mL acidic leachate via potassium sulfate precipitation was conducted.Under the optimized conditions(precipitation time of 60 min,precipitation temperature of 100℃,leachate pH of 2,and K2SO4 seed crystal addition of 3.5 g),an iron precipitation rate of 53.19%is achieved.The Fe3+concentration in the filtrate is effectively reduced to below 5 g/L,eliminating the emulsification risk.Subsequently,an aqueous two-phase system(ATPS)composed of polyethylene glycol 2000(PEG2000)and sodium sulfate was constructed to extract vanadium from the iron-removed solution.The effects of ex-traction time,iron-removed solution pH,charge regulator AC1815,and extraction temperature on vanadium extraction rate were systematically investigated.The extraction mechanism was explored through FTIR spectroscopy and Zeta potential.The results indicate that apart from Fe3+,coexisting ions exhibit negligible interference with vanadium extraction.Under the optimal conditions of an extraction time of 20 min,an iron-removed solution pH of 2,an extraction temperature of 20℃,and the addition of one drop of AC1815,the vanadium extraction rate reaches 85.24%.The protonated charge regulator combines with polyvanada-te anions through electrostatic attraction,thereby driving their transfer into the PEG2000 phase.This process successfully achieves vanadium-iron separation in the acidic leachate of red mud and efficient vana-dium extraction in the ATPS,providing theoretical support and a technical pathway for the industrial re-source utilization of red mud.
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Effects of Laser Surface Remelting on Microstructure and Friction and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 High-Entropy Alloy Effects of Laser Surface Remelting on Microstructure and Friction and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 High-Entropy Alloy
FeCoCrNiMo0.75 high-entropy alloys prepared by vacuum arc melting were subjected to laser sur-face remelting modification treatment.The effects of different laser powers(300~1500 W)on the remel-ted microstructure,hardness,and friction and wear properties of FeCoCrNiMo0.75 alloy were investigated using XRD,SEM-EDS,a microhardness tester,and a reciprocating friction and wear tester.The results show that the thickness of the remelted layer increases with increasing laser power.The microstructure of the alloy without remelting treatment is mainly composed of FCC,σphase andμphase.After remelting at low power(300~600 W),the phase composition does not change significantly.When the laser power is in-creased to 900~1500 W,theμphase in the remelted microstructure disappears.Laser remelting can signi-ficantly refine the eutectic microstructure of the alloy and improve its surface hardness and friction and wear properties.Among them,FeCoCrNiMo0.75 high-entropy alloy remelted at 600 W laser power has the optimal comprehensive performance,with the highest average hardness of the remelted layer(573 HV0.2).In addition,its friction coefficient,surface roughness,and volumetric wear rate are all the lowest,and the volumetric wear rate is reduced by 85.5%compared with the alloy without remelting.In terms of wear mechanisms,the room-temperature wear mechanism of the alloy without remelting is mainly abrasive wear and fatigue wear.However,after the alloy is subjected to laser surface remelting treatment,its wear mecha-nism is mainly abrasive wear.
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