Corrosion Fatigue Performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 Copper Alloy for Ships with Heat Treatment AITranslate
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In this research，the effects of heat treatment on corrosion fatigue performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy for ships were studied，and the mechanism of the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy were discussed，which provided an important basis for improving the applications of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy in marine components such as seawater valves，filters，pumps，impellers and propellers. ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy was heat treated at 900 ℃ in a vacuum heat treatment furnace and then cooled with argon atmosphere after heat treatment. The chemical composition，microstructure and corrosion fatigue fracture morphology of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were tested by rotating and bending fatigue testing machine，the rotating speed of which was 3000 r·min−1. In the process of fatigue testing，the ambient temperature and relative humidity were 20 ℃ and 48%，respectively，the medium was artificial seawater，and the stress ratio was -1. According to the national standard of “GB/T24176-2009/ISO 12107：2003 Statistical scheme and analysis method of fatigue test data of metal materials”，the corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were calculated. The corrosion fatigue crack propagation rate was measured on the electro-hydraulic servo material testing machine with the transverse loading method. The sample thickness was 12 mm，the width was 24 mm，and the notch length was 3.55 mm. The results showed that the microstructure of casting ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy was mainly dendritic crystal，which was composed of α phase and κ phase. κ phase was an intermetallic compound，which had a great influence on the properties of the alloy，and could be classified into κⅠ phase，κⅡ phase，κⅢ phase and κⅣ phase according to its shape，size and distribution position. Due to the low Fe content of the alloy，no κⅠ phase was formed，and α phase was the matrix of Cu-based replacement solid solution. κⅡ phase was NiAl phase with the shape of a ball or flower，distributed in the grain. κⅢ phase was distributed at the grain boundary in the form of layer or intermittent ball drop，and was also NiAl phase. κⅣ phase was Fe-rich phase，distributed in the grins with small particles. In the casting ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy，the dislocation density was high and there were a lot of twins. Compared with the casting state，the density of κⅣ phase distribution increased，while the dislocation density decreased and the twin crystal disappeared in the microstructure of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment. Under the condition of 90% confidence and 10% failure probability，the corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was 132.52 MPa，which increased by 54% compared with the corrosion fatigue strength of the casting state （85.98 MPa）. The relationship between fatigue crack growth rate and stress intensity factor range expression （da/dN-ΔK） at the stable crack expansion stage of the casting state was da/dN=1.653×10−11×ΔK5.220 （fitted by Paris formula）. da/dN-ΔK expression at the stable crack expansion stage of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was da/dN=8.6064×10−12×ΔK5.4405 （fitted by Paris formula）. After heat treatment，the corrosion fatigue crack expansion rate of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloys reduced compared to the casting state，which was in relation to the increasing of corrosion fatigue strength after heat treatment. Corrosion fatigue fracture morphology including source of fatigue，expansion area and instantaneous break area were observed. Fatigue cracks occurred at the surface defects of the specimen because the maximum alternating stress was distributed on the surface of the specimen. After initiation，the fatigue cracks continued to expand in a river-like pattern，showing cleavage fracture characteristics and accompanied by cleavage steps. There were parallel fatigue bands with intersecting light and shade in the expansion zone，and obvious dimples could be seen in the instantaneous break area. The distance between fatigue bands of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was greater than that of the casting state.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24040014
Chinese Library Classification Number:TG166.2
Citation Information:
In this research，the effects of heat treatment on corrosion fatigue performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy for ships were studied，and the mechanism of the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy were discussed，which provided an important basis for improving the applications of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy in marine components such as seawater valves，filters，pumps，impellers and propellers. ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy was heat treated at 900 ℃ in a vacuum heat treatment furnace and then cooled with argon atmosphere after heat treatment. The chemical composition，microstructure and corrosion fatigue fracture morphology of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. The corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were tested by rotating and bending fatigue testing machine，the rotating speed of which was 3000 r·min−1. In the process of fatigue testing，the ambient temperature and relative humidity were 20 ℃ and 48%，respectively，the medium was artificial seawater，and the stress ratio was -1. According to the national standard of “GB/T24176-2009/ISO 12107：2003 Statistical scheme and analysis method of fatigue test data of metal materials”，the corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy including casting state and heat treatment were calculated. The corrosion fatigue crack propagation rate was measured on the electro-hydraulic servo material testing machine with the transverse loading method. The sample thickness was 12 mm，the width was 24 mm，and the notch length was 3.55 mm. The results showed that the microstructure of casting ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy was mainly dendritic crystal，which was composed of α phase and κ phase. κ phase was an intermetallic compound，which had a great influence on the properties of the alloy，and could be classified into κⅠ phase，κⅡ phase，κⅢ phase and κⅣ phase according to its shape，size and distribution position. Due to the low Fe content of the alloy，no κⅠ phase was formed，and α phase was the matrix of Cu-based replacement solid solution. κⅡ phase was NiAl phase with the shape of a ball or flower，distributed in the grain. κⅢ phase was distributed at the grain boundary in the form of layer or intermittent ball drop，and was also NiAl phase. κⅣ phase was Fe-rich phase，distributed in the grins with small particles. In the casting ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy，the dislocation density was high and there were a lot of twins. Compared with the casting state，the density of κⅣ phase distribution increased，while the dislocation density decreased and the twin crystal disappeared in the microstructure of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment. Under the condition of 90% confidence and 10% failure probability，the corrosion fatigue strength of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was 132.52 MPa，which increased by 54% compared with the corrosion fatigue strength of the casting state （85.98 MPa）. The relationship between fatigue crack growth rate and stress intensity factor range expression （da/dN-ΔK） at the stable crack expansion stage of the casting state was da/dN=1.653×10−11×ΔK5.220 （fitted by Paris formula）. da/dN-ΔK expression at the stable crack expansion stage of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was da/dN=8.6064×10−12×ΔK5.4405 （fitted by Paris formula）. After heat treatment，the corrosion fatigue crack expansion rate of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloys reduced compared to the casting state，which was in relation to the increasing of corrosion fatigue strength after heat treatment. Corrosion fatigue fracture morphology including source of fatigue，expansion area and instantaneous break area were observed. Fatigue cracks occurred at the surface defects of the specimen because the maximum alternating stress was distributed on the surface of the specimen. After initiation，the fatigue cracks continued to expand in a river-like pattern，showing cleavage fracture characteristics and accompanied by cleavage steps. There were parallel fatigue bands with intersecting light and shade in the expansion zone，and obvious dimples could be seen in the instantaneous break area. The distance between fatigue bands of ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy after heat treatment was greater than that of the casting state.
quote
| GB/T 7714-2015 | [1] Yifan Pan, Wei Yuan, Bing Yang, et al. Corrosion Fatigue Performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 Copper Alloy for Ships with Heat Treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2024, 48(10): 1396-1407. DOI:10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24040014. |
| MLA | [1] Yifan Pan, et al., "Corrosion Fatigue Performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 Copper Alloy for Ships with Heat Treatment." Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, vol. 48, no. 10, 2024, pp. 1396-1407, https://doi.org/10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24040014. |
| APA | [1] Yifan Pan, Wei Yuan, Bing Yang, Jiangnan Ma, Yan Yu, & Weimin Hu. (2024). Corrosion Fatigue Performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 Copper Alloy for Ships with Heat Treatment. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 48(10), 1396-1407. https://doi.org/10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24040014 |
| IEEE | [1] Yifan Pan, Wei Yuan, Bing Yang, Jiangnan Ma, Yan Yu, and Weimin Hu, "Corrosion Fatigue Performance of ZBAl7-7-4-2 Copper Alloy for Ships with Heat Treatment," Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 1396-1407, 2024, doi: 10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24040014. keywords: {ZBAl7-7-4-2 copper alloy；;heat treatment；;corrosion fatigue；;fatigue crack；;fracture morphology} |