Electrochemical Gut-on-Chip systems as the next generation platforms for studying mucosal redox biology AITranslate

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DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101442

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Highlights • The redox sensitive mucus is affected by oxygen gradients, effecting gut physiology. • Demonstrating oxidative homeostasis is crucial to mimic cell-bacteria communication. • Organ-on-Chip systems lack the complexity to mimic the redox state in the mucus. • Electrochemical sensors and redox mediators may assist mimicking the mucosa layer. Within the gastrointestinal tract, the mucosal layer, which is the physical and homeostatic barrier between the microbiome and the host, exhibits redox molecules such as mucin molecules and oxidative species generating oxygen gradient. These molecules control the mucosal structural state and affect cross-communication in the microbiome. Gut-on-Chip platforms are Organ-on-Chip devices that tend to imitate gut physiology; however, the crucial oxidative state in the epithelial-microbiome barrier is not well represented in these platforms. The ability to properly mimic the gentle communication between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic kingdoms in the gut requires contemporary electrochemical and Organ-on-Chip tools. In this review article, we highlight the redox-dependent functional states in the mucosal layer, discuss the current advancements in Gut-on-Chip devices, present the challenges remaining in such devices to properly mimic the mucosa layer, and recommend an innovative approach involving the integration of label-free electrochemical sensors within the Gut-on-Chip platform. Graphical abstract Download : Download high-res image (359KB) Download : Download full-size image