Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of MoS2-g-C3N4/C Composite Materials AITranslate
Abstract AITranslate
Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution concerns, the urgent need for sustainable energy such as solar, wind, and tidal energy has become critical. However, the renewable energy mentioned above is challenged by instabilities. This has underscored the importance of advancing energy storage technologies that can bridge the gap between availability and demand. Supercapacitors emerge as a promising solution, due to their high-power density, rapid charging and discharging capabilities, substantial energy density, and environmentally friendly attributes. A pivotal factor in the efficacy of supercapacitors is the electrode material. Recent investigations have highlighted metal sulfides for their high theoretical specific capacities and robust stability. Despite this, the practical specific capacities of these materials significantly lag behind their theoretical predictions, which impedes their broader application. To address the problem, the use of pseudo-capacitive materials, such as transition metal compounds, has been explored to boost performance. In this context, a novel electrode material was synthesized via template method. Mushroom stalks were selected as a biological scaffold and melamine as a precursor to synthesize carbon nitride (g-C3N4) through a thermal polymerization process. Concurrently, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was synthesized from ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea, serving as sources of molybdenum and sulfur, respectively. MoS2 was then integrated onto g-C3N4/C matrix via a hydrothermal method, resulting in the formation of a MoS2-g-C3N4/C three-phase composite. The structural integrity and composition of g-C3N4/C were confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD）, validating the successful synthesis of the composite. Incorporating mushroom stalks into the synthesis process effectively modulated the grain size of the electrode material, achieving optimal crystallinity at a biomass to carbon nitride precursor mass ratio of 1∶2.5. The electrochemical performance of g-C3N4/C composite as a supercapacitor electrode was assessed in a three-electrode configuration using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge-discharge tests. These evaluations revealed that the composite with 1∶2.5 ratio delivered superior rate performance and chemical stability, exhibiting a specific capacitance of 104 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1. XRD was used to examine the crystal structure, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided insights into the microstructural features. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized for detailed elemental analysis. Additionally, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms were chosen to assess the pore structure, indicating a heterogenous mix of micro and mesopores that enhanced the electrode's surface area, electron transfer efficiency, contact area with electrolytes, and active site availability. These structural characteristics contributed significantly to the improved electrochemical performance of MoS2-2.5g-C3N4/C composite. CV analysis demonstrated the material's excellent performance and chemical stability. Galvanostatic charge-discharge testing confirmed pronounced pseudocapacitive behavior, with a specific capacitance reaching 220 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1. Notably, after 1000 cycles, the material maintained 85.1% of its initial capacitance, underscoring its exceptional cycling stability.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24010036
Chinese Library Classification Number:TB333
Citation Information:
Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution concerns, the urgent need for sustainable energy such as solar, wind, and tidal energy has become critical. However, the renewable energy mentioned above is challenged by instabilities. This has underscored the importance of advancing energy storage technologies that can bridge the gap between availability and demand. Supercapacitors emerge as a promising solution, due to their high-power density, rapid charging and discharging capabilities, substantial energy density, and environmentally friendly attributes. A pivotal factor in the efficacy of supercapacitors is the electrode material. Recent investigations have highlighted metal sulfides for their high theoretical specific capacities and robust stability. Despite this, the practical specific capacities of these materials significantly lag behind their theoretical predictions, which impedes their broader application. To address the problem, the use of pseudo-capacitive materials, such as transition metal compounds, has been explored to boost performance. In this context, a novel electrode material was synthesized via template method. Mushroom stalks were selected as a biological scaffold and melamine as a precursor to synthesize carbon nitride (g-C3N4) through a thermal polymerization process. Concurrently, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was synthesized from ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and thiourea, serving as sources of molybdenum and sulfur, respectively. MoS2 was then integrated onto g-C3N4/C matrix via a hydrothermal method, resulting in the formation of a MoS2-g-C3N4/C three-phase composite. The structural integrity and composition of g-C3N4/C were confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD）, validating the successful synthesis of the composite. Incorporating mushroom stalks into the synthesis process effectively modulated the grain size of the electrode material, achieving optimal crystallinity at a biomass to carbon nitride precursor mass ratio of 1∶2.5. The electrochemical performance of g-C3N4/C composite as a supercapacitor electrode was assessed in a three-electrode configuration using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge-discharge tests. These evaluations revealed that the composite with 1∶2.5 ratio delivered superior rate performance and chemical stability, exhibiting a specific capacitance of 104 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1. XRD was used to examine the crystal structure, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided insights into the microstructural features. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized for detailed elemental analysis. Additionally, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms were chosen to assess the pore structure, indicating a heterogenous mix of micro and mesopores that enhanced the electrode's surface area, electron transfer efficiency, contact area with electrolytes, and active site availability. These structural characteristics contributed significantly to the improved electrochemical performance of MoS2-2.5g-C3N4/C composite. CV analysis demonstrated the material's excellent performance and chemical stability. Galvanostatic charge-discharge testing confirmed pronounced pseudocapacitive behavior, with a specific capacitance reaching 220 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1. Notably, after 1000 cycles, the material maintained 85.1% of its initial capacitance, underscoring its exceptional cycling stability.
quote
| GB/T 7714-2015 | [1] Ruiqi Wu, Chengbao Liu, Feng Chen, et al. Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of MoS2-g-C3N4/C Composite Materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2025, 49(11): 1688-1697. DOI:10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24010036. |
| MLA | [1] Ruiqi Wu, et al., "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of MoS2-g-C3N4/C Composite Materials." Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, vol. 49, no. 11, 2025, pp. 1688-1697, https://doi.org/10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24010036. |
| APA | [1] Ruiqi Wu, Chengbao Liu, Feng Chen, Yongbin Qiu, Xianrong Meng, & Zhigang Chen. (2025). Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of MoS2-g-C3N4/C Composite Materials. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 49(11), 1688-1697. https://doi.org/10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24010036 |
| IEEE | [1] Ruiqi Wu, Chengbao Liu, Feng Chen, Yongbin Qiu, Xianrong Meng, and Zhigang Chen, "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of MoS2-g-C3N4/C Composite Materials," Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 1688-1697, 2025, doi: 10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24010036. keywords: {graphitic carbon nitride;biomass-derived carbon;transition metal sulfides;composite materials;supercapacitor performance} |