Removal Performance and Mechanism of Uranium in Water by Attapulgite Modified Hydrotalcite Composite Clay Material AITranslate

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Basic Information:

DOI：10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY24030008

Chinese Library Classification Number:X703.1

Citation Information:

Due to the pressing demand for clean energy，nuclear energy development has received a lot of attention lately. Unfortunately，the extraction and use of nuclear energy result in the large-scale discharge of wastewater containing uranium. Hexavalent uranyl cation （UO₂²⁺），an extremely poisonous substance，is present in aqueous solution as uranium（Ⅵ）. Because of uranium（Ⅵ）'s high water solubility，it poses a long-term risk to human health as well as the health of other organisms through bioaccumulation. Thus，it is essential to remove soluble uranium from wastewater in order to lower the danger of uranium（Ⅵ）. Various methods，such as chemical precipitation，membrane separation，biochemical/chemical reductive，ion-exchange，and adsorption have been used to adsorb and enrich uranium. Among these，adsorption technology has garnered a lot of interest because of its cost-effective and simple operation. Until now，various adsorbents such as metal-organic framework materials，various adsorbents such as carbon-based material，clay mineral covalent organic framework-based materials，and nanoscale zero-valent iron have been developed and applied for uranium（Ⅵ）removal. Recently，layered double hydroxides （LDHs）have attracted wide attention in catalysis，electrochemistry，photochemistry，magnetization，biomedical science，elastomer composites，and environmental decontamination. Multiple alternative metal cations can regulate the host layer's composition. Through substitution，the interlayer anions may improve the anion exchange capacity and cation adsorption capability. Ion-exchange of cations or removal of negatively charged pollutants was facilitated by the positively charged layer. LDHs have been identified as potential uranium removal adsorbents due to their benefits of low cost，high chemical stability，high layer charge density，substantial ion exchange capacity，and ease of modification. A lot of interest has also been piqued by the adsorption of uranium（Ⅵ）by LDHs. To reach the goal of creating advanced materials with specific functions and directed applications，functional groups can be intercalated into LDHs to modify their structure. Furthermore，as the material's LDH level increased，so did its resistance to erosion. Metal ions within LDHs exhibit an electrostatic attraction towards the negatively charged intercalating anions，leading to their tendency to aggregate. Moreover，these nanoscale particles readily agglomerate due to the influence of van der Waals forces. As a result，the adsorption efficiency is decreased and the adsorption sites are only partially exposed. Concurrently，this material has less-than-ideal mechanical qualities due to its tendency to attrition following usage in wastewater. Moreover，they are not easily recovered. Its structure needs to be strengthened in order to increase its stability and apply to more areas. Attapulgite （ATP）is a hydrated octahedral-layered magnesium-aluminum silicate mineral containing an abundance of structural hydroxyl groups. Because of its huge surface area and rod-like structure，ATP has a high metal ion sorption capability. Notably，ATP's crystalline structure includes three-dimensional chains，which guarantee both its complete dispersion in the presence of external pressures and its high stability in solution. Its needle-like bundles disintegrate into a disordered network that thickens the system and binds the liquid when dispersed in water. Therefore，by combining Fe-Mg-LDHs with ATP，the hydrophilic characteristic of ATP can be used to increase the Fe-Mg-LDHs active sites and decrease the likelihood of agglomeration. Additionally，ATP improves the Mg-Fe LDHs' microstructure，allowing for greater reuse. In this study，ATP/Mg-Fe LDHs particles were applied as an adsorbent for uranium（Ⅵ）extraction from wastewater. The hydrothermal approach of synthesizing ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs offered the benefits of low cost，easy synthesis，and high uranium adsorption capacity. The Fe-Mg-LDHs' polymerization was significantly reduced by the presence of ATP. ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs showed great reusability and a high adsorption capability. The optimal adsorption conditions for this adsorbent，uranium affinity mechanism，and behavior during uranium adsorption were comprehensively explored. Additionally，we studied the cyclic stability，cation impact，anion impact，and adsorption capacity of the ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs during uranium extraction. The ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs characterization and adsorption ability performance were comprehensively described in this study. ATP was negatively charged，whereas Fe-Mg-LDHs were positively charged，and the two attracted each other and combined solidly to produce ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs with an electrical property of −0.27 mV. The optimal adsorption conditions for ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs were as follows： the pH of solution，use level of ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs，temperature，and adsorption time were 3.0，0.05 g，room temperature （25 ℃），and 20 min，respectively. Characterization techniques showed that the adsorption of uranium by the ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs was mainly related to hydroxyl，carbonate and electrostatic adsorption with the occurrence of a redox process. The optimal pH of the adsorption environment was 3.0 and the adsorption efficiency reached about 97%； ATP/Fe-Mg-LDHs had high selectivity and was not easily affected by the environment. The adsorbent showed good cycling stability，and the adsorption effect did not decrease significantly after five experiments. Furthermore，the cost-effectiveness of its production presented significant potential for applications in treating uranium-containing wastewater and in uranium recovery.