Research Status of High-Efficiency Sorting and Impurity Removal of Titanium Concentrate AITranslate

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Basic Information:

DOI：10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY22120017

Chinese Library Classification Number:TD983

Citation Information:

High-end titanium products metal titanium and chlorinated titanium dioxide have important strategic roles in aerospace，national defense industry，medical and health and other fields. TiCl₄ is the important intermediate raw material in the production of high-end titanium products. The boiling chlorination method has large scale and high efficiency，which is the main development direction for the preparation of TiCl₄，but its requirements for titanium raw materials are high （TiO₂>92%，CaO+MgO<1.5%）. Panxi titanium resources in China are abundant，but the content of calcium and magnesium impurities is high，and it is difficult to be used for boiling chlorination production. Efficiently removing calcium and magnesium impurities in China's Panxi titanium resources and meeting the requirements of boiling chlorination for raw materials is one of the important measures to promote the development of China's high-end titanium industry. At present，the research on calcium and magnesium removal of Panxi titanium resources mainly focuses on the deep impurity removal process of high calcium magnesium electric furnace titanium slag after titanium concentrate electric furnace smelting，which is complex in impurity removal process，serious environmental pollution，and difficult industrial application. From the perspective of mineral processing，this paper summarized the sorting methods，characteristics and applications of titanium concentrate，and proposes that the efficient sorting and impurity removal of titanium concentrate before smelting was conducive to improving the quality of titanium slag in electric furnace and effectively promoting the use of Panxi titanium resources in China to prepare high-quality boiling chlorinated charge. Magnetic separation and gravity concentration were commonly applied concentrating methods to obtain middles in the mineral processing. In the magnetic and gravity separation，the core technology footholds were：1） efficient grading and tail throwing；2） recovering fine-grained. The concentrate after pre-tailing and rough selection met the requirements of flotation for feed size and grade，reduced the amount of chemicals used in the flotation process，and avoided ore pulp modification. It was recommended to continue the particle size requirements when decalcifying calcium-magnesium silicate in titanium concentrate to avoid grinding operations and ore pulp modification. The ability of gravity separation to improve titanium grade was limited，and for the impurity removal before titanium concentrate smelted in the furnace，it was recommended to carry out strong magnetic separation again after magnetization roasting to remove entrained gangue in the re-concentration of titanium concentrate，which was expected to achieve a certain separation effect. The titanium middles needed to be cleaned to meet the final product demands. The electric separation and flotation were commonly employed in the concentrating process. The electric separation had strict requirements towards the particles size of feeding （>0.045 mm），which was not suitable for the domestic titanium ores. The development of flotation technology also contributed to the elimination of electric separation，leading to quite limited use of electric separation in industry. The current core technology of ilmenite flotation could be summarized as：1） mineral surface modification，2） development of new flotation agents. The mineral modification could be achieved by surface magnetization，microwave treatment and ultrasonic treatment. Although these methods were still researched in laboratories and not applied in large-scale industry，however，their good indication of separation still had certain practical significance. In particular，the development of new flotation agents had important guiding significance for the desiliconization and impurity removal before smelting of titanium. The above beneficiation process would make the product titanium concentrate have the characteristics of fine particle size and strong surface hydrophobicity. The difference in the type and activity of calcium-magnesium silicate and ilmenite surface localization ions played a key role in the separation. For the re-concentration of titanium concentrate，the key issues were to expand the difference between the surface properties of calcium-magnesium silicate and ilmenite，develop more selective silicate inhibitors，or enhance selective agglomeration behavior，so as to achieve efficient impurity removal. As a flotation product，titanium concentrate was adsorbed on the surface of the agent that would interfere with the subsequent separation. When re-entered into the solution environment，the surface hydrophobic groups might cause hydrophobic agglomeration，and some gangue minerals were encased inside，and the separation effect would be worse. It was recommended to make full use of the adsorbed agent on the surface of titanium concentrate in the selection process to prevent excessive addition of agent and strengthen the agglomeration behavior.