Reversible Cl2/Cl– Redox for Low-Temperature Aqueous Batteries AITranslate

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DOI：https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02757

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Conventional cathodes generally store charges inside solids, and they usually suffer from compromised performance at low temperatures due to the energy barriers for ion transport. Here we report a reversible “plating” reaction of Cl2 liquid inside nanoporous carbon as a new electrode for low-temperature aqueous batteries. In a 7 m LiCl aqueous electrolyte, the activated carbon electrode delivers a high discharge capacity of 475 mAh/g (based on the carbon active mass in the working electrode) at 100 mA/g at −78 °C with a discharging plateau at ca. 0.95 V vs Ag/AgCl and retains a high capacity of 238 mAh/g at a high current rate of 1 A/g. Furthermore, this electrode system demonstrates stable cycling with ca. 65% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 500 mA/g with an average Coulombic efficiency of above 99%. The results provide a new option for high-energy halogen cathodes at low temperatures.