cMat

Light Weight High Entropy Alloys: Structure, Properties, and Applications

Lightweight high entropy alloys (LWHEAs), characterized by their low density, exceptional mechanical properties, and superior corrosion resistance, have gained significant attention in materials science. These alloys exhibit promising potential for applications in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and energy storage. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in LWHEAs research, with a focus on density-based classification methods, distinctive crystal structures, mechanical performance at ambient and elevated temperatures, complex deformation mechanisms, and excellent oxidation resistance. Additionally, the paper explores the diverse applications of LWHEAs in structural, functional, and energy-related materials. Key challenges in current research are highlighted, particularly concerning composition design and performance stability. Finally, the paper outlines future research directions, emphasizing the integration of theoretical modeling, experimental studies, and practical applications to drive technological innovation and facilitate the widespread engineering applications of LWHEAs.

C-ECAP-Extended Extrusion of High-Strength and Toughness Copper Bar Microstructure Rheology and Performance Regulation

The uniformity of the flow structure of the extruded copper bars has a significant impact on the mechanical and electrical conductivity properties of the material. A finite element simulation was conducted on the continuous equal-channel angular extrusion (C-ECAP)—extended extrusion process of pure copper. The material rheology during the deformation process was studied through experiments, and the variation laws of strain hardening and mechanical anisotropy were analyzed. The results show that the ultra-fine grain structure formed by C-ECAP can effectively suppress the turbulence of the material in the expansion zone and form a polycrystalline structure in the retarding zone. The texture type in the expansion zone is mainly {110}<112> brass texture and {110}<110> Goss texture; annealing twins and {001}<100> cubic weaves appear in the central region; and {110}<100> Goss texture and {110}<111> texture appear in the extrusion region. After deformation, the grain size of the copper bars gradually increases from the center to the periphery, the hardness of the copper busbar decreases first and then slowly increases along the extrusion direction, and the electrical conductivity continues to increase. The texture features, strain state, and expansion chamber structure are the main reasons for the non-uniform flow and anisotropy of the material.

Thermoelectric Copper Chalcogenides: Low-Cost, High-Performance, and Stability Challenges

Light Weight High Entropy Alloys: Structure, Properties, and Applications

Lightweight high entropy alloys (LWHEAs), characterized by their low density, exceptional mechanical properties, and superior corrosion resistance, have gained significant attention in materials science. These alloys exhibit promising potential for applications in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and energy storage. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in LWHEAs research, with a focus on density-based classification methods, distinctive crystal structures, mechanical performance at ambient and elevated temperatures, complex deformation mechanisms, and excellent oxidation resistance. Additionally, the paper explores the diverse applications of LWHEAs in structural, functional, and energy-related materials. Key challenges in current research are highlighted, particularly concerning composition design and performance stability. Finally, the paper outlines future research directions, emphasizing the integration of theoretical modeling, experimental studies, and practical applications to drive technological innovation and facilitate the widespread engineering applications of LWHEAs.

C-ECAP-Extended Extrusion of High-Strength and Toughness Copper Bar Microstructure Rheology and Performance Regulation

The uniformity of the flow structure of the extruded copper bars has a significant impact on the mechanical and electrical conductivity properties of the material. A finite element simulation was conducted on the continuous equal-channel angular extrusion (C-ECAP)—extended extrusion process of pure copper. The material rheology during the deformation process was studied through experiments, and the variation laws of strain hardening and mechanical anisotropy were analyzed. The results show that the ultra-fine grain structure formed by C-ECAP can effectively suppress the turbulence of the material in the expansion zone and form a polycrystalline structure in the retarding zone. The texture type in the expansion zone is mainly {110}<112> brass texture and {110}<110> Goss texture; annealing twins and {001}<100> cubic weaves appear in the central region; and {110}<100> Goss texture and {110}<111> texture appear in the extrusion region. After deformation, the grain size of the copper bars gradually increases from the center to the periphery, the hardness of the copper busbar decreases first and then slowly increases along the extrusion direction, and the electrical conductivity continues to increase. The texture features, strain state, and expansion chamber structure are the main reasons for the non-uniform flow and anisotropy of the material.

Thermoelectric Copper Chalcogenides: Low-Cost, High-Performance, and Stability Challenges